涵涵君的小站中文
持D、Z、X1、Q1、S1、J1六类签证入境中国的外国人，需要自入境之日起三十日内到公安机关出入境管理机构办理居留证件。本文按《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》与驻外使领馆公布的签证说明，把适用范围、办理时限、所需材料和逾期后果摘成要点。
- 哪六类签证要办：D（永久居留）、Z（工作）、X1（长期学习，超过180日）、Q1（家庭团聚，超过180日）、S1（私人事务，超过180日）、J1（常驻记者）。中国驻洛杉矶总领事馆《中国签证简介》明确，持上述签证者须自入境之日起30日内前往当地县级以上地方公安机关申办居留手续。
- 三十日怎么算：法律表述为“自入境之日起30日内”，从入境当天起算，不是从签证签发日或航班起飞日计算。
- 居留证件分五类：工作类、学习类、记者类、团聚类、私人事务类，与实际居留事由对应，不能跨事由使用。
- 一般需要的材料：护照及有效签证、境外人员临时住宿登记凭证、健康证明（部分类别要求）、近期证件照，以及邀请单位、院校或亲属出具的证明文件；具体清单以受理机关要求为准。
- 逾期未办的后果：超过停留、居留期限仍停留在华属非法居留，将被依法处罚，并可能影响今后的签证与居留申请。
需要区分两件事：签证解决“能不能入境、这次能停留多久”，居留证件解决“在华长期居留的合法身份”。持上述六类签证入境后，签证上的停留天数只是办理居留证件的过渡期，真正证明合法居留的是随后签发的居留证件。
居留证件到期仍需继续居留的，应当在证件有效期限届满前提出延期申请；住址、护照号码、就读院校、工作单位等登记事项发生变化的，也应在法定期限内办理变更。办理前建议先完成临时住宿登记，因为住宿登记凭证通常是受理材料之一。
以上为要点摘录，具体以官方发布为准。
English
China Residence Permit: Six Visa Types That Require It
Foreigners entering China on a D, Z, X1, Q1, S1 or J1 visa must apply for a residence permit at the local exit-entry administration within 30 days of arrival. This summary draws on China's Exit and Entry Administration Law and consular visa guidance to set out who is covered, the deadline, the documents usually required and what happens if the deadline is missed.
- Which six visas: D (permanent residence), Z (work), X1 (study longer than 180 days), Q1 (family reunion longer than 180 days), S1 (private affairs longer than 180 days) and J1 (resident journalist). The Chinese Consulate General in Los Angeles states in its visa guide that holders of these visas must apply for residence procedures at the local public security authority at or above county level within 30 days of entry.
- How the 30 days are counted: the law says within 30 days from the date of entry, counted from the day you enter China, not from the visa issue date or your flight date.
- Five categories of permit: work, study, journalist, family reunion and private affairs. Each matches the purpose of your stay and cannot be used for another purpose.
- Documents usually required: passport with a valid visa, the temporary accommodation registration slip, a health certificate for some categories, recent passport photos, and a supporting letter from the inviting employer, school or relative. The exact list depends on the office handling your case.
- If you miss the deadline: staying beyond your permitted period is illegal residence, which is punishable by law and may affect future visa and residence applications.
Keep two things apart: a visa decides whether you may enter and how long you may stay on that entry, while a residence permit establishes your legal long-term status in China. For the six visa types above, the stay days printed on the visa are only a bridge period for applying for the permit, and the permit issued afterwards is what proves lawful residence.
If your permit is expiring and you need to stay longer, apply for an extension before the permit expires. If registered details change, such as your address, passport number, school or employer, report the change within the statutory period. Complete your temporary accommodation registration first, since the registration slip is normally one of the documents required.
The above is a summary of key points only. Please refer to the official announcement for the authoritative version.
来源：原文链接
